Accurate line and ground impedance measurements
Measurement of synchronous and zero impedances is used for setting relay protection and for planning work.The measurements are necessary to validate the calculated impedances. The actual impedance is affected by a number of different factors such as earth resistance, water pipes or other buried conductors that cannot be predicted in the calculations. This leads to deviations between calculated and actual impedance and could lead to relay not tripping when they should.
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Impedance measurements
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Line impedances and k-factors of overhead lines or high-voltage cables
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Ground impedances of large systems
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Step and touch voltages
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Mutual coupling of parallel overhead lines
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Coupling of power lines into signal cables
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Impedance measurements
​
Line impedances and k-factors of overhead lines or high-voltage cables
​
Ground impedances of large systems
​
Step and touch voltages
​
Mutual coupling of parallel overhead lines
​
Coupling of power lines into signal cables
​​